Light-emitting diodes have been improving for 50 years, but in the last decade the technology has accelerated sharply, driven by the demands of general lighting. Prices are falling rapidly, capabilities are expanding, and manufacturing is becoming increasingly efficient. The technology is far from stasis, and basic research into materials and techniques is still yielding the occasional forward leap.
LEDs hold out the promise of light more efficient than that produced by any preceding technology; extremely long life in operation, measured in decades; and a versatility in the spectrum and character of light beyond that offered by any other source that humans have yet discovered or invented.
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